考研英语时态语态总结表格（考研英语常用时态）
[what]什么是时态？
初高中学习是孩子处于青春期的阶段，也是孩子学习当中最关键的六年，因为它涉及到了中考与高考，左养中学教育赖颂强再讲孩子的学习方法和考试心里调节的直播课里，系统的讲解到如何帮孩子提升学习效率，提升考试时候的心理素质，从而提升学习成绩。
时：动作发生的时间(现在/过去/将来)。
态：动作在某个时刻的状态(一般/进行/完成)。
Part 01 一般态(现在/过去/将来)
①一般现在时
例句：The boy usually gets to school early.
形式：主语+do/does；主语+am/is/are
标志词：always,usually,sometimes,often,never,every day/week/month/year/…等
动词三单变化规则
1.一般情况下，在动词后加s
如：
look→looks get→gets
2.以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加es
如：
teach→teaches wash→washes
pass→passes fix→fixes
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y改为i，再加es
如：
fly→flies study→studies
4.特殊变化
如：
have→has be→is
练一练↓
1、她每天都吃一块蛋糕。
答：She eats a piece of cake every day.
2、Most work-related behaviors have multiple components.
答：大多数与工作相关的行为都含有多个要素。
②一般过去时
例句：The boy stayed at the school library last night.
形式：主语+did；主语+was/were.
标志词：yesterday,yesterday morning,last year/month/week…,
three weeks/months…ago,
In+过去时间 等等
背：动词过去式变化表
练一练↓
1、他五天前在街上遇到了前女友。
答：He met his ex-girlfriend five days ago on the street.
2、People complained that buses were late and infrequent.
答：人们过去抱怨公交车晚点而且班次少。
③一般将来时
例句：The boy will come to the school library tomorrow.
形式：主语+will/shall do；主语+be going to do
标志词：tomorrow,in the future,next year/week…,in+一段时间等等
主将从现
在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中：
从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时。且用will而不用be going to。
如：
Mum will go to Beijing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
When you get home,you will find a new bike in your garden.
练一练↓
1、你们将会通过考试。
答：You will pass the exam.
2、Travel on a London bus and you’ll quickly see how this works with drivers.
答：乘坐伦敦公交车出行，你很快就会明白这是如何发生在司机身上的。
3、如果他邀请我，我就去参加晚会。
答：If he invites me,I will go to the party.
综合练习：
判断以下句子是什么时态，并翻译。
1、When you see him,he will give you the book.
答：当你看到他时，他会把书给你。(一般将来时)
2、The war broke out two years ago.
答：战争在两年前爆发。(一般过去时)
3、I get up at 9 every day.
答：我每天早上9点起床。(一般现在时)
Part 02 进行态(现在/过去)
④现在进行时
例句：The boy is running now.
定义：此时此刻正在进行的动作；现阶段一直进行的动作。
形式：主语+am/is/are+doing
标志词：now,at the moment,at present,these days,
Look!Listen!Look out!等等
现在分词构成规则
1.一般在动词词尾加-ing,如：read→reading
2.以不发音e结尾，去e加-ing,如：write→writing
3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母，再加-ing.
如：swim→swimming
run→running
cut→cutting
shop→shopping
sit→sitting
4.特殊变化：lie→lying平躺,die→dying死亡,tie→tying系
现在进行时表示“将来”
表示按计划预定的或即将发生的动作，常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。
常用于趋向性短暂动词：come,arrive,leave,go,begin,start,take,bring,die等。
The bus is coming.
When are you starting?
练一练↓
1、现在，琳达的哥哥正在他的卧室里看电视。
答：Linda’s brother is watching TV in his bedroom now.
2、Emphasize that you’re only offering your opinion,not gospel truth.
答：强调你仅仅是在提供自己的意见，(而)不是(呈现)绝对真理。
⑤过去进行时
例句：We were watch TV form seven to nine last night.
定义：表示过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作；过去某段时间持续进行的动作。
形式：主语+was/were doing
标志词：at XXX o’clock last night,from XXX to XXX yesterday,
at that time,the whole morning 等等
练一练↓
1、昨天晚上九点Lucy在做什么？
答：What was Lucy doing at nine o’clock yesterday?
2、昨天这个时候，我们正在上英语课。
答：This time yesterday,we were having an English lesson.
Part 03 完成态(现在/过去)
⑥现在完成时
例句：The boy has already left here.
定义：
动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。
动作发生在过去，持续到现在并有可能持续下去。
形式：主语+have/has done
标志词：already,yet,recently,so far,in the past few years,
since+时间点，for+时间段
&for+一段时间
如：
I have been here for 5 weeks.
He’s studied English for 3 years.
Since(表示过去某一时间的)时间点；(ever)since加强语气。
如：
I have been here since 2000.
I have been here since 5 years ago.
I have been here since I graduated in 2000.
背：过去分词变化规则。
练一练↓
1、我自从1234年就为这家公司工作。
答：I have worked for this company since 1234.
2、In the UK,it has become a big talking point recently too,for a rather particular reason:Brexit.
答：在英国，它最近也成了重大议题，原因相当独特：脱欧。
⑦过去完成时
例句：By the end of last year,I had passed all the exams.
定义：在过去某时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，“过去的过去”。
形式：主语+had done
标志词：by,by the time,by the end of等等
练一练↓
1、在他的朋友回来之前，他已经离开了。
答：He had left before his friend came back.
2、Other companies including Amazon and Disney had also pledged to create their own plans.
答：其他包括亚马逊和迪士尼在内的公司也已承诺会制定各自的方案。
μ综合练习：
判断句子要用何种时态，并翻译。
1、迄今为止我已经读了2000本书。
答：I have read two thousand books so far.
2、昨天下午两点他正在看电影。
答：He was watching a movie at two o’clock yesterday afternoon.
3、许多小孩正在河里游泳。
答：Many children are swimming in the river.
?[送心]总结：
①一般现在时：主语+do/does；主语+am/is/are
②一般过去时：主语+did；主语+was/were
③一般将来时：主语+will/shall do；主语+be going to do
④现在进行时：主语+am/is/are doing
⑤过去进行时：主语+was/were doing
⑥现在完成时：主语+have/has done
⑦过去完成时：主语+had done
愿我们共同携手做终身学习的实践者[比心]！
